Siyakwamukela kulesi sihloko mayelana nenkolo yamanje yamaGreki. Phakathi kwezindawo ezinhle nomlando ocebile waseGreece, inkolo ibilokhu iyingxenye eyisisekelo yokuphila kwezakhamuzi zakhona amakhulu eminyaka. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, inkolo yamaGreki iye yavela futhi yajwayelana nezikhathi ezintsha, kodwa isagcina isisekelo sayo sokhokho. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinkolelo zamanje zabantu baseGreece kanye nemikhuba yezenkolo nemikhuba esasebenza nanamuhla. Gxila emhlabeni othokozisayo wenkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla futhi uthole ukuthi leli siko lasendulo liye laqhubeka kanjani nokuchuma phakathi neminyaka edlule.
Inkomba yokuqukethwe
1. Ukuvela kabusha kwenkolo yamaGreki namuhla
Inkolo yamaGreki yasendulo, eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuvela kabusha noma ukuzalwa kabusha kwenkolo yamaGreki, iye yaba nokwanda okuphawulekayo emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Nakuba ekuqaleni kwakubhekwa njengomkhuba ocishe washabalala, namuhla kunezinkulungwane zabantu emhlabeni wonke abaye bakhangwa onkulunkulu basendulo namagugu abawamelelayo. Lesi senzakalo siye saholela ekuchumeni kwemikhuba, imikhosi, nemiphakathi ezinikele ekuhlonipheni onkulunkulu bamaGreki namuhla.
Isici esibalulekile kulokhu kube ukufinyelela okusheshayo nokulula olwazini lwakudala nolwazi nge-inthanethi. Abantu abathanda ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nokholo lwamaGreki bangacwaninga futhi bafunde izinganekwane zamaGreki, amasiko, nemikhuba yezenkolo ngokusebenzisa imithombo eminingi ye-inthanethi. Lokhu kutholakala kolwazi kwenze abalandeli bale nkolo bajulisa ulwazi lwabo futhi baxhumane namanye amakholwa anomqondo ofanayo emhlabeni jikelele.
Inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla ibonakala ngokuhlonipha kwayo imvelo nokugcizelela kwayo ukuvumelana nezwe elisizungezile. Abalandeli balolu kholo bavame ukwenza imikhosi ngaphandle, bexhumana ngqo nemvelo, ezindaweni ezingcwele njengamahlathi, izintaba kanye nemifula. Phakathi nale mikhosi, kunikelwa iminikelo konkulunkulu, kukhulekelwe futhi kwenziwe amasiko okuhlanzwa. Lokhu kuhlobana okujulile nemvelo kanye nokugcizelela ingokomoya lansuku zonke kuyizici ezibalulekile d.
2. Izisekelo zefilosofi nezingokomoya zenkolo yamaGreki asendulo
Inkolo yamaGreki asendulo yayisekelwe ochungechungeni lwezimiso zefilosofi nezingokomoya ezazitholakala kuzo zonke izici zokuphila kwamaGreki. Lezi zisekelo, ngokuvamile ezihlangene, zanikeza isisekelo esiqinile sokukhulekelwa nokukhulekela onkulunkulu.
Okokuqala, amaGreki ayekholelwa ebukhoneni bamandla kaNkulunkulu azalwa nawo kuzo zonke izici zemvelo, ezaziwa ngokuthi "ama-logos." Le nkolelo yayiwumgogodla wokuqonda kwabo umhlaba futhi yabonakala ekukhulekeleni kwabo onkulunkulu, njengoba babebabona bewukubonakaliswa kwaphezulu kwelogos. Onkulunkulu basebenza njengabaxhumanisi phakathi kwabantu namalogo, besiza abantu abafayo ukuthi baqonde futhi baxhumane noNkulunkulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkolo yamaGreki asendulo yayisekelwe embonweni wokuthi abantu kufanele bafune ukuzwana ngaphakathi kubo nasebuhlotsheni babo nezwe langaphandle. Lokhu kuvumelana kwafinyelelwa ngokuphishekela ulwazi, ukuphishekela ubuhle, nokuhlakulela ukuphila okulinganiselayo. AmaGreki ayebheka inkolo njengethuluzi lokufinyelela lokhu kuvumelana, njengoba ayekholelwa ukuthi ngokukhulekela onkulunkulu nangokulandela izimfundiso zabo, ayengathola ukuthula nenjabulo ekuphileni kwawo.
3. Ithonya lonkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi bamaGreki ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kwanamuhla
Izinganekwane zamaGreki zishiye ithonya elikhulu ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke kwanamuhla. Nakuba onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi bamaGreki bengasakhonzwa njengakuqala, ifa labo lisaqhubeka kumasiko ethu, ubuciko, izincwadi ngisho nasolimini lwethu. Izindaba zabo eziwumlando nabalingiswa abayizinganekwane basicebise ngezindlela okungenzeka singazi nokuzazi. Lapha sethula izibonelo ezithile zokuthi ubukhona bonkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi bamaGreki bubonakala kanjani ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke.
1. **I-Apollo nomculo**: Unkulunkulu u-Apollo, owaziwa njengomvikeli womculo, izinkondlo kanye nobuciko ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, ushiye uphawu olungenakucimeka emculweni wanamuhla. Kusukela emagameni ebhendi aziwayo afana nelithi “Apolo” kuye kumagama omculo afana nokuthi “Apolíneo” ukuchaza umculo olinganiselayo novumelanayo, ithonya lika-Apolo lihlanganisa ubude nobubanzi bemboni yomculo.
2. **I-Aphrodite nothando**: Inkolo ka-Aphrodite, unkulunkulukazi wothando nobuhle, iye yavela phakathi namakhulu eminyaka kodwa isagcinwe ebudlelwaneni bethu bemizwa nobothando. Igama elithi "aphrodisiac" lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukudla noma izinto okukholakala ukuthi zandisa isifiso socansi, kubhekiselwa emandleni ka-Aphrodite okuvusa uthando nothando. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelwa kwe-Aphrodite kwezobuciko besimanje kukhombisa ubuhle kanye nenkolo yomzimba okhona emphakathini wethu wamanje.
3. **U-Athena nokuhlakanipha**: Unkulunkulukazi u-Athena, obhekwa njengonkulunkulu wokuhlakanipha namasu ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, uyaqhubeka nokuba nomthelela emfundweni yethu nasekuthatheni izinqumo. Ukuxhumana kwayo nobuhlakani nobuqili kubonakala ekusetshenzisweni kobuhlakani buka-Athena emagameni amanyuvesi, izikhungo zemfundo kanye nezinkampani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfanelo yaso eyizifanekiselo kunazo zonke, isikhova, isibe uphawu lwesiko lokuhlakanipha emphakathini wethu.
4. Imicikilisho nemikhosi yenkolo yamanje yamaGreki
Enkolweni yanamuhla yamaGreki, amasiko nemikhosi inendima ebalulekile ekukhulekeleni nasekuzinikeleni konkulunkulu. Le mikhuba yokhokho iye yadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, ngaleyo ndlela igcina ingqikithi yenkolo yasendulo.
Omunye wemikhuba ebaluleke kakhulu umhlatshelo wezilwane, lapho abalandeli benikela ngezilwane konkulunkulu njengophawu lokubonga noma ukucela usizo. Le mihlatshelo yenziwa ema-altare anikezelwe kunkulunkulu ngamunye futhi yenziwa abapristi, abanolwazi negunya lokufeza le mikhosi engcwele.
Ngaphezu kwemihlatshelo, amaGreki ayeba nemikhosi yokudumisa onkulunkulu. Phakathi nale mikhosi, abalandeli bagqoka ama-toga, benze udwendwe emigwaqweni, futhi bahlanganyele emidansweni nasezingomeni zokudumisa onkulunkulu. Le mikhosi iyizikhathi zenjabulo nesidlo, lapho abathembekile behlangana khona ukuze bahloniphe onkulunkulu futhi baqinise ukholo lwabo.
5. Umphakathi kanye nobuzalwane: ukubaluleka kwamaqembu enkolo enkolweni yamaGreki
Umphakathi nobuzalwane kwakuyizindinganiso eziyisisekelo enkolweni yamaGreki. Amaqembu enkolo, aziwa ngokuthi "izimfihlakalo", kwakungezona izikhala zokukhulekela onkulunkulu kuphela, kodwa futhi izindawo lapho izibopho eziqinile zakhiwa khona phakathi kwamalungu awo. La maqembu avumela abalandeli benkolo yamaGreki ukuthi bahlangane ndawonye futhi basizane ezinseleleni zempilo yansuku zonke.
Ezimfihlakalo, abahlanganyeli babelane ngokuhlangenwe nakho okujulile okungokomoya, ngaleyo ndlela bakhe ubuhlobo obuseduze nomunye nomunye kanye nonkulunkulu ababakhulekelayo. Ukwengeza, la maqembu anikeze indawo ephephile yokuveza ukholo nokuhlola izimfihlakalo zobukhona. Amasiko nemikhosi ehlangene yayiqinisa ukuhlanganyela phakathi kwamalungu, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaze umuzwa wokuzwana nokwesekelana.
Ubuzalwane obakheka emaqenjini amahlelo babubaluleke kakhulu kumaGreki asendulo. Amalungu ayezibheka njengomkhaya, engahlanganyeli ngezinkolelo zawo kuphela, kodwa futhi nemithwalo yemfanelo, ulwazi, nezinsiza. Lobu buzalwane buvumele abathembekile ukuba bazizwe beyingxenye yento enkulu kunabo, bevikelekile futhi besekelwe emhlabeni ogcwele ukungaqiniseki. Ukubumbana phakathi kwabalandeli benkolo yamaGreki kwaba ukusekela okungantengantengi nomthombo wenduduzo ezikhathini ezinzima.
6. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinganekwane zamaGreki nenkolo yamaGreki namuhla
Namuhla, ubuhlobo phakathi kwezinganekwane zamaGreki nenkolo yamaGreki busabalulekile futhi bungabonwa ezicini ezihlukahlukene zesiko lamaGreki. Nakuba inkolo yasendulo yamaGreki ingaseyona inkolo evelele eGreece, izici eziningi zezinganekwane zamaGreki nonkulunkulu zisekhona emphakathini nasekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
Okokuqala nje, izinganekwane zamaGreki zisaqhubeka ziwumthombo wogqozi emkhakheni wezobuciko nezincwadi. Imisebenzi eminingi yesimanje yobuciko, izinkondlo, namanoveli kusekelwe ezinganekwaneni nasezinganekwaneni zamaGreki. Amagama onkulunkulu namaqhawe anjengoZeus, u-Aphrodite kanye noHercules ayaqhubeka nokuqashelwa kabanzi futhi asetshenziswe ezikhonjweni zamasiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindaba zezinganekwane zamaGreki ziyaqhubeka zishintshwa futhi zihunyushwe kabusha efilimini nakumabonakude, zibonisa ukufaneleka kwazo nokukhanga emphakathini wanamuhla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkolo yamaGreki asendulo nayo iye yashiya uphawu lwayo endleleni imikhosi nemikhosi eyenziwa ngayo eGreece namuhla. Naphezu kokudlondlobala kobuKristu enkolweni yabantu baseGreece, imikhosi eminingi yendabuko, njengemikhosi yasentwasahlobo nemikhuba yokuhlonipha uDionysus, isekelwe ezinkolelweni nasezinkolelweni zaseGrisi lasendulo. Le mikhosi ihilela udwendwe, imidanso, umculo, neminikelo konkulunkulu, futhi iyindlela yokugcina ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinganekwane zamaGreki nenkolo kuphila emphakathini wanamuhla.
7. Ukukhulekelwa kwamaqhawe namaqhawekazi asendulo enkolweni yamaGreki yangaleso sikhathi
- Amaqhawe namaqhawekazi aseGreece yasendulo ayaqhubeka ehlonishwa enkolweni yamaGreki yangaleso sikhathi, eba abantu abakhulekelwayo nesibonelo kubalandeli bawo.
- Ukukhulekelwa kwala maqhawe asendulo kwenziwa ngemikhuba nemikhosi ezindaweni ezingcwele ezinikezelwe kulowo nalowo wabo. Lezi zindawo ezingcwele zivakashelwa abazinikele abafuna ukuxhumana nengqikithi nomlando walaba balingisi bezinganekwane abanesibindi.
- Amathempeli ahlonipha amaqhawe namaqhawekazi, njengalelo likaHercules eKorinte noma elakwa-Athena e-Athens, asephenduke izindawo zokuvakasha zalabo abafisa ukuwahlonipha nokuthola isivikelo sabo.
Kuwumkhuba osuselwe emasikweni nangokwesiko lamaGreki. Ngalezi zenzo zokukhulekela, abalandeli bafuna ukulingisa izimfanelo ezinhle nezimfanelo ezenza laba balingisi babe yizinganekwane zasezinganekwaneni zamaGreki.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhulekelwa kwamaqhawe namaqhawekazi akusho ukukhulekela kwawo, njengoba enkolweni yamaGreki yangaleso sikhathi kunomehluko ocacile phakathi konkulunkulu namaqhawe afayo. Nokho, banikezwa isikhundla esikhethekile futhi babhekwa njengabalamuleli phakathi konkulunkulu nabantu.
8. Amathiphu kulabo abathanda ukuhlola ukholo enkolweni yamaGreki yanamuhla
Ukuhlola ukholo enkolweni yamaGreki yanamuhla kungaba okuhlangenwe nakho okuthakazelisayo nokucebisayo. Uma ungathanda ukuzicwilisa kuleli siko lasendulo, nanka amathiphu angakusiza endleleni yakho:
1. Phenya futhi ufunde: Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale lolu hambo olungokomoya, kubalulekile ukuthi ucwaninge futhi ufunde ngenkolo yamanje yamaGreki. Gxila ezincwadini, ezindabeni, nasezinsizeni eziku-inthanethi ukuze zikusize uqonde umlando wazo, izinkolelo, kanye nemikhuba yazo. Zijwayeze onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi, amasiko nemikhosi ebalulekile. Isisekelo esiqinile solwazi sizokuvumela ukuthi uhlole ngokucacile okukhulu.
2. Xhumana nomphakathi: Bheka imiphakathi noma amaqembu asebenzisa inkolo yamaGreki yamanje. Ukuxhumana nabantu abathanda izinto ozithandayo kuzokunikeza ithuba eliyigugu lokufunda kulabo asebecwile kulolu kholo. Ungajoyina imicimbi, imikhosi noma imihlangano lapho ungakwazi ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho, ubuze imibuzo futhi uthole ukuqondiswa kulabo abanolwazi olunzulu.
3. Zijwayeze inhlonipho nokuziphatha: Lapho uhlola noma iyiphi inkolo, kubalulekile ukugcina isimo sengqondo sokuhlonipha kubasebenzi nezinkolelo zayo. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela isimiso sokuziphatha esihlonipha izimiso zenkolo yanamuhla yamaGreki nesithunzi sabo bonke abalandeli bayo. Funda ukuhlonipha onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi ngokweqiniso, wenze amasiko ngenhlonipho nangokucophelela. Khumbula, umuntu ngamunye unendlela yakhe yokomoya, futhi kubalulekile ukuhlonipha ukuhlukana nokuhlukahluka emphakathini wanamuhla wenkolo yamaGreki.
9. Umfuziselo nokuchazwa kwamathempeli nezindawo ezingcwele enkolweni yamaGreki
Enkolweni yamaGreki, amathempeli nezindawo ezingcwele zazinomfanekiso ojulile futhi zazibhekwa njengezindawo zaphezulu lapho onkulunkulu babehlala khona. Lezi zindawo zakhiwe ngokunemba okukhulu nangokucophelela, okubonisa inkolelo yokuthi izakhiwo nemiklamo kwakubalulekile ukuze kube lula ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu nonkulunkulu. Ngokufunda kwalawa mathempeli, singawuqonda kangcono umbono wezwe kanye nefilosofi eyisisekelo yamaGreki asendulo.
Amathempeli amaGreki ayeyizindawo ezingcwele eziyiqiniso lapho kwakunamasiko futhi kuhlonishwa khona onkulunkulu. Ngayinye yazo yayinikezelwe kunkulunkulu othize kanye nomklamo wayo wezakhiwo ovumelaniswe nezici nezimfanelo zikankulunkulu lowo. Amathempeli aziwa kakhulu, njengeParthenon e-Athene, ayelandela isakhiwo esinompheme wezinsika, indawo yokuphumula emaphakathi lapho kwakukhona khona isithombe sikankulunkulu, nehholo lomnikelo eliseduze. Lezi zakhiwo zazibhekwa njengesizinda sempilo yezenkolo nezenhlalo ye-polis.
Ukuchazwa kwamathempeli nezindawo ezingcwele enkolweni yamaGreki kwadlulela ngalé komsebenzi wawo ongokwesiko. Ukwakhiwa nokuhlobisa kwalezi zindawo kwakugcwele izimpawu. Imininingwane eqoshwe ezindongeni, eziqhweni, nasezindaweni eziphakeme zamathempeli yembula izindaba zezinganekwane nezifanekiselo ezazisebenza njengezimfundiso zokuziphatha emphakathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yamathempeli nayo yayinencazelo engokomfanekiso, njengoba ayetholakala ezindaweni ezingcwele, njengamagquma noma izixuku, okwakukholelwa ukuthi zaziyizindawo zokuhlangana phakathi kwaphezulu nomuntu.
10. Ukuxhumana phakathi kokukhonza amadlozi nenkolo yamaGreki yesimanje
Inkolo yanamuhla yamaGreki iye yalondoloza ubuhlobo obuseduze nokukhulekela amadlozi phakathi namakhulu eminyaka. Lomthombo wethonya lasendulo ubuyingxenye eyisisekelo yomkhuba wenkolo wangaleso sikhathi wamaGreki amaningi. Ukukhulekela amadlozi kuyisiko elijulile eliye ladluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, futhi libonakala emikhubeni nemikhuba yenkolo ehlukahlukene.
Ukukhulekela amadlozi enkolweni yamaGreki yanamuhla kusekelwe enkolelweni yokuthi amadlozi anamandla okuthonya ukuphila kwamanje nokwesikhathi esizayo kwenzalo yabo. Ukuze bahloniphe la madlozi, abathembekile benza imicikilisho eminingi, njengokubeka iminikelo ema-altare omkhaya. Le minikelo ingahlanganisa ukudla, izimbali, iwayini namakhandlela, futhi yethulwe njengendlela yokuhlonipha nokubonga kulabo abeza ngaphambi kwethu.
Ukuxhumana namadlozi kubonakala nasemikhosini yenkolo egujwa unyaka wonke. Le mikhosi iklanyelwe ukuhlonipha nokukhumbula amadlozi, futhi ngokuvamile ihilela udwendwe, umculo, umdanso, kanye nemidlalo yaseshashalazini. Lezi zenzakalo zisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokubaluleka kokugcina inkumbulo yalabo abafika ngaphambi kwethu, kanye nendlela yokuxhumana nezimpande zethu futhi siqinise isibopho nobuntu bethu bamasiko.
11. Ukucabanga ngokuhlukahluka kwemikhuba namasiko enkolo yamaGreki namuhla
Namuhla, inkolo yamaGreki inemikhuba namasiko ahlukahlukene aye avela phakathi namakhulu eminyaka. Lokhu kuzindla kusimema ukuthi singene onyakeni othokozisayo ongokomoya osixhumanisa nomlando wasendulo waseGreece futhi usivumela ukuba siqonde ukunotha kwefa lakhona lenkolo.
Esinye sezibonakaliso eziphawulekayo yizinhlobonhlobo zemikhuba eyenziwa ukuhlonipha onkulunkulu bamaGreki. Isifunda ngasinye nomphakathi ungaba nemikhosi yawo kanye nezindlela zokukhulekela, ezibonisa ukwehlukahlukana kwamasiko nezindawo zezwe. Kusukela emidwebeni nemihlatshelo emathempelini, kuya emikhosini yokudumisa onkulunkulu abathile abanjengoZeus noma u-Aphrodite, umkhuba ngamunye ubonisa ukubonakaliswa okuyingqayizivele kokholo nokuzinikela kwamaGreki.
Okunye okuthakazelisayo okucabangelayo ithonya lezinganekwane zamaGreki ekuphileni kwabantu kwansuku zonke. Nakuba inkolo yamaGreki yasendulo ingenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile, izindaba nezimpawu zayo kusesekhona esikweni elidumile. Amagama onkulunkulu bamaGreki namaqhawe asetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ezintweni zemvelo, imilaza, imisebenzi yobuciko kanye nezimpawu zokuthengisa. Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa kwezinganekwane zasendulo kubonisa indlela isiko lenkolo yamaGreki eliye lakhuthazela ngayo futhi lihlala libalulekile emphakathini wanamuhla.
12. Izimfundiso zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha konkulunkulu bamaGreki empilweni yanamuhla
1. Izimiso zokuziphatha emphakathini wanamuhla
Onkulunkulu bamaGreki, ezinganekwaneni zabo eziningi, basinikeza izimfundiso ezibalulekile zokuziphatha nezisabalulekile ekuphileni kwanamuhla. Enye yezindinganiso eziyinhloko ezikhuthazwa onkulunkulu bamaGreki inhlonipho. Sifunda kwaHera ukubaluleka kokuhlonipha isikhungo somshado nokwethembeka emshadweni. UZeyusi yena usifundisa ngobuqotho nangobulungisa ezenzweni zethu. Lawa magugu ayisisekelo ekuthuthukisweni komphakathi ovumelanayo nolinganayo empilweni yesimanje.
2. Isibopho nemiphumela yezenzo zethu
Izindaba zonkulunkulu bamaGreki zisikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kokuba necala ngezenzo zethu nokwamukela imiphumela ezingaba nayo. Inganekwane kaNarcissus, isibonelo, isixwayisa ngezingozi zokuzigqaja nokuzikhukhumeza, isikhumbuza ukuthi izenzo zethu zingaba nomthelela omubi endaweni yethu nasezimpilweni zethu. Ngokunjalo, isiphetho esibuhlungu sika-Icarus sisifundisa ngokubaluleka kokulandela imingcele emisiwe futhi singathathwa yizinkanuko zethu ezidlulele.
3. Ibhalansi phakathi kwamandla nokuthobeka
Onkulunkulu bamaGreki bavame ukubonisa ubuhlobo phakathi kwamandla nokuthobeka. UZeus, njengenkosi yonkulunkulu, usibonisa ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa amandla ngokuhlakanipha nangokuphana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u-Athena usifundisa ukubaluleka kokuhlakanipha nokuhlakanipha njengamathuluzi ayisisekelo okufeza imigomo yethu ngaphandle kokuwela ekuzikhukhumezeni. Lezi zibonelo zisikhuthaza ukuba sifune ukulingana phakathi kwamandla nokuthobeka ezimpilweni zethu, siqaphele amakhono ethu nobuholi ngaphandle kokubukela phansi abanye.
Q&A
Umbuzo: Siyini isimo samanje senkolo yamaGreki ekhulwini lama-XNUMX?
IMP: Inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla yethulwa njengokubonakaliswa okuyingqayizivele kwengokomoya langaleso sikhathi eGreece.
Umbuzo: Ichazwa kanjani inkolo yamaGreki yamanje?
IMP: Inkolo yamanje yamaGreki, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Hellenic noma i-Hellenism, inhlangano yezenkolo efuna ukuxhuma kabusha nesiko lenkolo laseGrisi lasendulo.
Umbuzo: Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko zale nkolo?
IMP: Inkolo yamanje yamaGreki ibonakala ngokuhlonipha onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi basendulo bamaGreki abanjengoZeus, u-Aphrodite, u-Athena, phakathi kwabanye. Iphinde isekelwe ekufuneni ibhalansi phakathi komzimba nomoya, kanye nokuxhumana nemvelo.
Umbuzo: Kuyini ukubaluleka kwenkolo yamaGreki namuhla emphakathini wamaGreki?
IMPENDULO: Inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla idlala indima ebalulekile emphakathini wamaGreki ngokunikeza enye inkolo ezinkolweni eziqine kakhudlwana. Kwabaningi, le nhlangano imelela indlela yokuxhumana nezimpande zamasiko nezingokomoya zezwe labo.
Umbuzo: Isetshenziswa kanjani inkolo yamaGreki namuhla?
IMP: Umkhuba wenkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla uyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Eminye imikhuba yenzeka emathempelini esimanje noma ezindaweni ezingcwele zangaphandle, kanti ezinye zenzeka endaweni yangasese yekhaya.
Umbuzo: Ingabe ikhona imiphakathi yezenkolo ehleliwe phakathi kwenkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla?
IMP: Yebo, kunemiphakathi yenkolo ehleliwe phakathi kwenkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla. Le miphakathi ivamise ukuhlangana emathempelini noma ezindaweni eziqokiwe ukuze yenze imikhosi nemikhosi ehlanganyelwe.
Q: Uyini umbono wamanje wenkolo yamaGreki ngobunkulunkulu?
IMPENDULO: Inkolo yamanje yamaGreki ibheka onkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi njengabangcwele abangaphelele noma abanamandla onke, kodwa kunalokho babonisa ukungapheleli nobuhle bomuntu. Ukuba khona kwazo njengezinhlangano ezizimele kukholeleka kukho futhi ziyahlonishwa futhi zihlonishwe ngemikhuba neminikelo.
Umbuzo: Inkolo yamaGreki iye yavela kanjani phakathi namakhulu eminyaka?
IMPENDULO: Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, inkolo yamaGreki iye yaba nezinguquko eziphawulekayo ngenxa yethonya lezinye izinkolo nezinhlangano zefilosofi. Nokho, ekhulwini lama-XNUMX, kuye kwaba nokuvela kabusha kwenkolo yamaGreki yasendulo enamanani andayo abantu abathanda ukuphinde baxhumane nezimpande zabo zenkolo namasiko.
Umbuzo: Imuphi umlayezo obalulekile inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla ewudluliselayo?
IMPENDULO: Inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla idlulisa umyalezo wokubaluleka kokuxhumana nemvelo, ukulingana phakathi komzimba nomoya, kanye nenhlonipho nokuhlonishwa konkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi bamaGreki.
Umbuzo: Ingabe kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kwenkolo yamanje yamaGreki nezinye izinkolo eGreece?
IMP: Ngokuvamile, inkolo yamanje yamaGreki ihlangene ngokuthula nezinye izinkolo zaseGreece. Nakuba kungase kube nokuhlukahluka kwezinkolelo, ukubekezelelana nokuhloniphana kuyakhuthazwa phakathi kwabefundisi bezinkolo ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuvala
Sengiphetha, sibhekene nezwe elikhulu nelithakazelisayo, elisivumele ukuba sihlole futhi siqonde inkolo yamaGreki yamanje. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, sihlole imvelaphi yayo yasendulo kanye nokujwayela kwayo ezikhathini zanamuhla, sithola ithonya layo ezicini ezingenakubalwa zempilo yansuku zonke.
Kusukela konkulunkulu bayo kanye nemikhuba yayo, ekubukeni kwayo kwezwe kanye nezinqubo zomoya, inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla isimema ukuba sicabange ngokuhlobana kwethu nendawo yonke futhi sifune incazelo edlula zonke ebukhoneni bethu. Ngezinganekwane zayo ezicebile kanye nezimpawu, singathola ugqozi lokubhekana nezinselele zempilo futhi sithole ukulingana phakathi kokusemhlabeni nokwaphezulu.
Nakuba inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla iye yashintsha futhi yavumelana nezinguquko zezenhlalo nezamasiko, ingqikithi yayo iyaqhubeka, inikeza umthombo wolwazi nokuhlakanipha okuqhubeka kuthonya labo abafuna ukuxhumana okujulile nokungcwele.
Sithemba ukuthi lolu hambo luvuse ilukuluku lakho futhi likunikeze umbono obanzi nonothisayo wenkolo yamanje yamaGreki. Ngale kokwehluka kwamasiko nesikhashana, ukufuna incazelo kuhlobene nesimo somuntu, futhi ngalowo mqondo, inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla isinika iwindi elibalulekile lokudlula nokuqonda umhlaba wethu kanye nathi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sihlobene nale nkolo noma sifisa nje ukwandisa umbono wethu, inkolo yamaGreki yanamuhla ifuna ukusikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kokuhlonipha onkulunkulu, ukuhlakulela izimfanelo zethu ezinhle, nokuphila ngokuvumelana nemvelo kanye nabanye abantu.
Ekugcineni, inkolo yanamuhla yamaGreki isimema ukuba sihlole ingcebo yefa lethu elingokomoya futhi sizitholele eyethu indlela eya ebunkulunkulwini, sikhumbula njalo ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki izinkolelo zethu, sonke sabelana ngesifiso sokuthola incazelo ejulile nedlulele ekuphileni kwethu.