Takulandirani kunkhani yokhudza chipembedzo cha Santeria ku Cuba, mutu wosangalatsa womwe umatifikitsa kuchinsinsi cha zikhulupiriro ndi machitidwe achipembedzo pachilumbachi cha Caribbean. Kwazaka mazana ambiri, Santeria yasiyidwa chizindikiro chosaiŵalika pa chikhalidwe cha ku Cuba, kusonkhezera mbali za chikhalidwe, nyimbo, ndi moyo wauzimu wa anthu ake. M’zolemba izi, tifufuza mbiri yakale ya chipembedzo chochokera ku Afro, komanso” miyambo yake yayikulu ndi momwe idasinthira pakapita nthawi. Konzekerani kuyamba ulendo wodabwitsa kudutsa mbiri yakale komanso yovuta yaSanteria ku Cuba.
Mlozera wazomwe zili
1. Chiyambi cha Santeria ku Cuba: Kukumana kopatulika pakati pa zikhalidwe
Santeria ku Cuba idayamba ngati msonkhano wopatulika pakati pa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zomwe zidakumana pachilumba cha Caribbean. Kugwirizana kwachipembedzo kumeneku kunachitika pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa atsamunda a ku Spain, pamene akapolo achiafirika anabweretsedwa ku Cuba kukagwira ntchito m’minda ya nzimbe. atsamunda.
M'nkhaniyi, Santeria inayamba kukhala kutsutsa chikhalidwe ndi uzimu kwa akapolo a ku Africa. Ngakhale kuti atsamunda anali kuponderezedwa ndi kuletsedwa, anthu a mu Afirika anakwanitsa kusunga ndi kusintha miyambo ya chipembedzo chawo mwa kusakaniza ndi Chikatolika. Chifukwa chake chinabadwa chipembedzo chapadera chomwe chimaphatikizira zikhalidwe zonse ziwiri ndipo chakhalapo mpaka lero.
Santería ku Cuba idakhazikitsidwa pa kupembedza kwa orishas, milungu yomwe imayimira mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe ndi zinthu za moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Orisha ameneŵa, amene amalemekezedwa ndi kulandira zopereka, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi oyera mtima Achikatolika, kuchititsa Santeria kukhala Mkatolika wongoyerekeza koma maonekedwe a mu Afirika mozama. makolo, ndi chilengedwe, ndi umulungu.
2. Chikoka cha ku Africa ku Cuban Santeria: Miyambo ya makolo otetezedwa
Cuban Santeria ndi chipembedzo chomwe chimasonyeza chikoka chambiri cha Afirika m’miyambo yake. Miyambo ya makolo imeneyi yatetezedwa ndi kuperekedwa ku mibadwomibadwo, kupanga mgwirizano wozama ndi makolo ndi zikhulupiriro zawo zauzimu. Kupyolera mu miyambo, nyimbo, kuvina, ndi kulambira orisha, Santeria ya Cuba ikupitiriza kusunga cholowa cha Afirika pa chilumba cha Caribbean.
Chimodzi mwa makhalidwe akuluakulu a chikoka cha ku Africa mu Cuban Santeria ndi chipembedzo cha orishas. Milungu imeneyi imayimira mbali zosiyanasiyana za chikhalidwe cha munthu ndi moyo, ndipo imakhulupirira kuti ndi mkhalapakati pakati pa anthu ndi milungu yopambana. Orisha amakondedwa kudzera m'miyambo yodzaza ndi matanthauzo, komwe amaperekedwachakudya, nyimbo, ndi kuvina pothokoza chifukwa cha chitetezo chawo ndi chitsogozo chauzimu.
Kuwonjezera pa miyambo ndi kupembedza kwa orisha, miyambo ya makolo a ku Africa imapezekanso m'nyimbo ndi kuvina kwa Santeria waku Cuba. Ng'oma za ku Africa, zomwe zimadziwika kuti batá, ndizofunika kwambiri pa miyambo ndi miyambo, zomwe zimapangitsa kamvekedwe kamene kamaitanira otenga nawo mbali kuti atengeke ndi nyimbo ndi kuvina. Kafotokozedwe kaluso kameneka kamalumikiza antchito ku midzi yawo yaku Africa ndi kuwalola kuti alumikizane ndi amulungu m'njira yapadera komanso yamphamvu.
3. Orishas: Zolengedwa zaumulungu zomwe zimatsogolera njira ya uzimu
Orishas amaonedwa kuti ndi amulungu mu chipembedzo cha Chiyoruba, mwambo wauzimu wozika mizu mu chikhalidwe cha ku Africa. Zolengedwa zamphamvuzi zimawonedwa ngati otsogolera auzimu omwe amathandiza anthu kupeza njira yopita ku kuunika ndi kulumikizana kwaumulungu.
Orisha aliyense ali ndi makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe apadera, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, monga madzi, moto, kapena mphepo. Ena mwa orisha odziwika bwino akuphatikizapo Yemayá, mulungu wamkazi wa nyanja ndi umayi; Oshún, mulungu wa chikondi ndi kukongola; ndi Ogun, mulungu wachitsulo ndi nkhondo.
Otsatira achipembedzo cha Chiyoruba nthawi zambiri amadzipatulira kupembedza orisha mmodzi kapena angapo, kufunafuna chitetezo ndi chitsogozo chawo m'mbali zosiyanasiyana moyo. Milungu iyi imatha kupemphedwa kudzera mu miyambo, zopereka, ndi mapemphero, kuti akhazikitse kulumikizana kozama ndi ndege yauzimu ndi kulandira chikoka chake chabwino m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wa munthu.
4. Zikondwerero ndi miyambo ya santero: Zochitika za chikhulupiriro ndi kudzipereka
Kudzilowetsa m'dziko la zikondwerero ndi miyambo ya Santeros ndikulowa muzochitika zapadera za chikhulupiriro ndi kudzipereka. Zipembedzo izi zidachokera ku Afro-Caribbean culture ndipo zakula ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana pazaka zambiri. Mwa iwo, kulemekeza kwa milungu, komwe kumadziwika kuti orishas, kumaphatikizidwa ndi miyambo ya makolo ndi nyimbo zachikhalidwe.
Zikondwerero za Santeria zimachitika mu akachisi opatulika, otchedwa nyumba de santos, kumene akatswiri amasonkhana kuti agwirizane ndi Mulungu ndi kupereka ulemu kwa orishas. Pa zikondwerero zimenezi, miyambo monga kumwa madzi opatulika ndi kupereka chakudya ndi zakumwa kwa orishas imachitika. Nyimbo ndi kuvina ndizofunikira, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti zimakopa kupezeka kwa milungu ndikulola kulumikizana ndi dziko lauzimu.
Chikondwerero chofunika kwambiri mkati mwa kalendala ya santero ndi mwambo womwe umadziwika kuti "toque de santo", pamene kuyambika kwa wotsatira watsopano kumachitikira. pansi pa chitetezo cha orisha. Mwambo umenewu ndi mphindi ya kupambanitsa kwapadera, kumene mikhalidwe yachipembedzo imavina ndipo makolo amapemphedwa kuti alandire madalitso awo. Mwachidule, zikondwerero ndi miyambo ya Santeria ndi chionetsero cha chikhulupiriro ndi kudzipereka komwe kutiitana kulumikizana ndi zopatulika ndi kukhala ndi uzimu wa m'njira yapadera komanso yamphamvu.
5. Zithumwa, zithumwa ndi chitetezo: The matsenga mu Cuban Santeria
Cuban Santeria ndi chipembedzo cha ku Africa-America chochokera ku miyambo ya Chiyoruba ku West Africa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri pamwambowu ndi kuphatikiza kwake kwamatsenga ndi zauzimu. Zithumwa, zithumwa ndi chitetezo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamatsenga a Santeria ndipo zimawonedwa ngati zida zamphamvu zokopa dziko lauzimu ndi lapadziko lapansi.
Kulodza, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti matsenga, ndi miyambo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kusokoneza tsogolo la munthu kapena kumuteteza ku mphamvu zoipa. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazopindulitsa komanso kuvulaza ena, kutengera cholinga cha santero. Kupyolera mu machitidwe a osiyanasiyana miyambo, kuphatikizapo kuyatsa makandulo, kugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba, ndi kunena mapemphero enieni, santeros amakhulupirira kuti akhoza kutsata mphamvu ndikusintha njira ya zochitika mokomera zofuna zawo kapena zosowa zawo.
Mu Cuban Santeria, zithumwa ndi chitetezo ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwopseza mizimu yoyipa ndi kukopa mphamvu zabwino. Izi zitha kukhala miyala, mikanda, zithumwa kapena zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zidadalitsidwa ndikupatsidwa mphamvu zauzimu. Santeros amakhulupirira mwamphamvu kuti zithumwazi zimatha kupereka chitetezo chakuthupi ndi chauzimu kwa iwo amene anyamula. Kuchokera pachimake cha coral kupita ku chibangili chopatulika cha mikanda, zinthuzi zimatengedwa ngati zonyamulira mphamvu zauzimu zomwe zakonzeka kuthandiza ndi kutsogolera omwe ali nazo.
6. Zitsamba ndi zomera zamankhwala: Mphamvu yochiritsa ya chilengedwe muchipembedzo
Zitsamba ndi zomera zamankhwala muchipembedzo: Chilengedwe chakhala chikuwoneka ngati mphatso yopatulika, gwero la machiritso ndi kulumikizana kwauzimu m'miyambo yambiri yachipembedzo. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zitsamba ndi zomera zamankhwala zakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri ya chipembedzo m’zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti zili ndi mphamvu zochiritsa zoperekedwa ndi milungu. Zomerazi zimaonedwa ngati mkhalapakati pakati pa zaumulungu ndi anthu, zomwe zimatha kuyeretsa, kuteteza, ndi kubwezeretsa thanzi lakuthupi ndi lauzimu.
M’zipembedzo zambiri zakale, monga zachikunja ndi shamanism, kugwiritsira ntchito zitsamba ndi zomera pa miyambo ya kuchiritsa kunali phindu lalikulu. Zochita izi zinali mbali ya masomphenya athunthu a moyo, momwe thupi, malingaliro ndi mzimu zimalumikizana. Ansembe ndi asing’anga anali ndi udindo wotolera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba zopatulikazi kuti zithandize madera awo pofunafuna machiritso ndi chitetezo ku matenda.
Ubale pakati pa zitsamba ndi zitsamba zamankhwala ndi chipembedzo komanso ukhoza kupezeka m'mankhwala achi China komanso m'mankhwala a Ayurvedic. Njira zathanzizi zimatengera lingaliro la kulinganiza kuyenda kwa mphamvu yofunikira m'thupi kuti ukhale ndi thanzi.Kuno, zitsamba ndi zomera zina zimatengedwa kuti ndizofunikira kuti zibwezeretse bwino ndikupewa matenda. Chidziwitso chakale chimenechi chikupitirira kukhala kuyamikiridwa ndi kuchitidwa m'madera ambiri achipembedzo lerolino, kusonyeza mphamvu yochiritsa ya chilengedwe ndi kufunikira kwake pofufuza machiritso onse.
7. Santeros ndi babalawos: otsogolera auzimu mu gulu lachipembedzo
M'magulu achipembedzo, santeros ndi babalawos ndi anthu otchuka omwe amatenga gawo lofunikira, monga otsogolera auzimu. Akatswiriwa komanso akatswiri achipembedzo cha Afro-Cuba ali ndi chidziwitso komanso chidziwitso chofunikira kuti atsogolere okhulupirika pakusaka kwawo kwauzimu komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
Santeros ndi ansembe ndi ansembe aakazi omwe amatsatira Santeria, chipembedzo chosakanikirana chomwe chimaphatikiza zigawo za Chikatolika ndi miyambo ya ku Africa. Anthu amenewa amaonedwa ngati mkhalapakati pakati pa anthu ndi orishas, milungu ya chipembedzo. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kupereka uphungu wauzimu, kuchita miyambo yoyeretsa ndi kuchiritsa, komanso kumasulira mauthenga ochokera m'maulaliki.
Kumbali ina, mababalawo ndi ansembe odziwa za kuwombeza ndi kuphunzira Ifá, njira yakale kwambiri komanso yovuta kwambiri yowombeza maula mu Santeria. Odziwika ndi chidziŵitso chawo chachikulu cha odus (mavesi opatulika), mababalawo amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zowombeza maula. kumasulira mauthenga olankhula ndi kupereka chitsogozo kwa okhulupirika. Kuonjezera apo, iwo ali ndi udindo wochita miyambo yoyambira ndikupereka ashe, mphamvu yauzimu yomwe imayendetsa moyo ndi kupita patsogolo.
8. Kusamvana pakati pa Santeria ndi zipembedzo zambiri: Kugwirizana pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yazipembedzo ku Cuba
Santeria, chipembedzo cha Afro-Cuba chomwe chinachokera ku chikhalidwe cha Chiyoruba, chakhala chikugwirizana ndi zipembedzo zambiri ku Cuba, monga Chikatolika ndi zamizimu. Komabe, sichinasiyidwe ku zotsutsana ndi mikangano pakukhalira limodzi uku. Ngakhale zili choncho, kusiyana kwa zipembedzo ku Cuba kwadziwika ndi mgwirizano womwe umalimbikitsa ulemu ndi kulolerana.
Kumodzi mwa zotsutsana zazikulu pakati pa Santeria ndi zipembedzo zambiri ku Cuba kwagona pa kusiyana kwa nzeru ndi miyambo. ndi kukambirana ndi mababalawo ndi santeros. Kusiyanaku kungayambitse kusakhulupirirana ndi tsankho pakati pa otsatira miyambo yonse iwiri, koma atha kuyanjananso mwa kukambirana komanso kumvetsetsana.
Kutsutsana kwina kofunikira kumakhudzana ndi gawo la Santeria m'gulu la anthu aku Cuba. Ngakhale machitidwe a chipembedzochi ndi otetezedwa ndi malamulo oyendetsera dziko, adakumana ndi kusalidwa ndi kusalidwa kuchokera kumagawo ena. Zimenezi zayambitsa mikangano ndi mikangano pakati pa otsatira Santeria ndi amene amatsatira zipembedzo zambiri. Ngakhale kuti pali kutsutsana kumeneku, pakhala kulimbikitsa kukhalirana mwamtendere ndi mwaulemu pakati pa magulu achipembedzo amenewa, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti muzipembedzo zosiyanasiyana za ku Cuba zizigwirizana.
9. Zovuta ndi mwayi kuteteza Santeria m'zaka za zana la XNUMX
Santeria, chipembedzo chakale cha Afro-Cuba, chikukumana ndi zovuta komanso mwayi m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Pamene dziko lamakono likupita patsogolo ndi miyambo yachipembedzo ikusintha, ndikofunikira kusunga chikhulupiriro cholemera ndi chofunikira ichi. Apa tiwona zovuta zomwe zilipo komanso mwayi wamtsogolo wotsimikizira Santeria kupitilizabe m'gulu lathu lamakono.
Vuto loyamba lomwe Santeria akukumana nalo m'zaka za zana la XNUMX ndi kutayika kwa chidziwitso ndi miyambo. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, akulu amene amasunga nzeru ndi miyambo yopatulika akucheperachepera. Ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito kulemba ndi kufalitsa chidziwitso cha makolo ichikwa mibadwo yachichepere, pogwiritsa ntchitonjira zotsogola monga kusungitsa mipukutu yakale pa digito ndi kupanga nkhokwe zama multimedia kuti zitsimikizire kusungidwa kwake.
Mwayi winanso wofunika kwambiri wosunga Santeria mu m'zaka za m'ma XNUMX ndi kulimbikitsa zokambirana za interfaith ndi kumvetsetsana. Anthu amasiku ano akuchulukirachulukira osiyanasiyana, ndipo chipembedzo chili ndi gawo lofunikira m'miyoyo ya anthu ambiri. Polimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi kulemekezana pakati pa miyambo yachipembedzo yosiyana, malo a Santeria akhoza kulimbikitsidwa ndi malo abwino opangidwa kuti akule ndi kukula. M'pofunika kuti okhulupirira Santeria azigwirizana ndi zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana komanso aphunzitse ena za chikhulupiriro chawo, n'kumatsutsa maganizo awo komanso tsankho.
10. Kulimbikitsa Santeria: Malangizo a kukhalirana mwamtendere ndi mololera.
Pozindikira kufunika kwa ulemu ndi kulolerana m’madera mwathu, n’kofunika kulimbikitsa kukhalirana mwamtendere ndi anthu amene amachita Santeria. Kuti tikwaniritse izi, tikufuna kugawana nawo malangizo omwe angatithandize kuti kukhala ndi ubale wabwino komanso womvetsetsa.
1. Dziwani za Santeria: Kuti mumvetse bwino chipembedzo cha Afro-Caribbean, m'pofunika kuphunzira za zikhulupiriro, zochita, ndi miyambo yake. Kuwerenga mabuku, kupezeka pamisonkhano, kapena kucheza ndi ndi anthu a Santeria kungatipatse chithunzithunzi cha chikhulupiriro chawo. ndikuthandizira Kuthetsa malingaliro opanda maziko.
2. Lemekezani malo opatulika: Okhulupirira Santeria ali ndi malo odzipatulira ku miyambo yawo ndi kupembedzera, monga maguwa kapena nyumba za oyera mtima. Ndikofunikira kulemekeza malowa, kupewa kuwasokoneza kapena kuwadetsa. Momwemonso, poyendera nyumba ya Santo , tikulimbikitsidwa kupempha chilolezo ndi kutsatira zomwe zaperekedwa.
3. Pewani tsankho ndi tsankho: M’pofunika kwambiri kukumbukira kuti tonsefe tili ndi ufulu wosankha chipembedzo chathu ndi kuchita zinthu mogwirizana ndi zimene timakhulupirira. Kusapereka zigamulo, zonyoza kapena zonyoza kwa asing'anga zingatithandize kulimbikitsa kukhalirana mwamtendere ndi mwaulemu m'madera athu.
11. Kulimbikitsa zokopa alendo zachipembedzo: Kutulukira Santeria ku Cuba
Santeria, chipembedzo chomwe chimaphatikiza zinthu za mu Africa ndi Katolika, ndi gawo lofunikira la chikhalidwe cha Cuba. Kuzindikira Santeria ku Cuba kumapatsa alendo mwayi wapadera woti alowerere mu mbiri yakale komanso miyambo yachipembedzo chochititsa chidwichi. Poyendera akachisi ndi malo opatulika osiyanasiyana a Santeria ku Havana ndi mizinda ina ya pachilumbachi, apaulendo amatha kuchitira umboni miyambo ndi miyambo yosangalatsa yomwe ili gawo la moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa otsatira a Santeria.
Santeria idakhazikitsidwa pa kupembedza orishas, milungu yomwe imayimira zosiyana mphamvu za chilengedwe ndi mbali za moyo wa munthu. Paulendo wawo ku Cuba, alendo odzaona malo angaphunzire za orishas ofunika koposa, monga Ochún (mulungu wamkazi wa chikondi ndi chonde) ndi Changó (mulungu wa bingu ndi chilungamo). Iwo alinso ndi mwayi woyanjana ndi santeros ndi babalawo, ansembe ndi olosera omwe ali akatswiri mu Santeria, omwe angapereke chitsogozo chauzimu ndi kuchita miyambo yoyeretsa ndi kuteteza.
Kuphatikiza kuchezera akachisi ndi kuchita nawo miyambo, alendo amathanso kuwona zaluso ndi nyimbo zachikhalidwe cha Santeria. Kuimba ng'oma kwa Batá ndi magule amtundu wamtundu ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya Santeria, ndipo popezeka pamisonkhano amoyo kapena kuvina ndi kuvina, alendo amatha kuona mphamvu ndi magwero a chipembedzochi pamlingo wina. Momwemonso, zaluso za pulasitiki za Santeria, monga zojambula ndi ziboliboli za orishas, zimapereka masomphenya apadera auzimu ndi kulumikizana kwachipembedzo ku Cuba.
12. Maphunziro ndi Kafukufuku wa Santeria: Kufufuza Zinsinsi za Mwambo Wauzimu Waku Cuba Wolemera
Santeria ndi mwambo wauzimu waku Cuba wozika mizu mu chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya dzikolo. Kwa zaka zambiri, zabweretsa chidwi chochulukira mdziko muno komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Maphunziro ndi kafukufuku wokhudza Santeria zakhala zofunikira kuti timvetsetse zinsinsi ndi kulemera kwa mwambo wakalewu.
Kuwona zoyambira za Santeria kumatsegula zitseko kudziko losangalatsa la zikhulupiriro zopatulika, miyambo ndi machitidwe. Kuchokera kwa milungu yake yotchedwa orishas, mpaka miyambo yake yopereka ndi kuwombeza, Santeria imapereka chidziwitso chapadera pazauzimu komanso kulumikizana kwamunthu ndi umulungu. Kupyolera mu maphunziro ndi kafukufuku wokhudza nkhaniyi, timayesetsa kuteteza ndi kuyamikira zimene Santeria anatengera, kulimbikitsa zokambirana za zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana momwe amalimbikitsa kulemekezana ndi kumvetsetsana.
Pofufuza kuti aulule zinsinsi za Santeria, kafukufuku wachitika m'madera osiyanasiyana, monga mbiri yakale, chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Maphunzirowa apangitsa kuti zitheke kusanthula mbiri ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zapanga Santería mu nthawi yonse. Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro okhudza Santeria athandiza—kuthetsa kusalana ndi tsankho lomwe limakhudzana ndi mwambowu, kulimbikitsa kulolerana ndi kulemekeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipembedzo.
Q&A
Q: Kodi Santeria ku Cuba ndi chiyani?
A: Santeria ku Cuba ndi chipembedzo chophatikizana chophatikiza zikhalidwe zaku Africa komanso chipembedzo cha Katolika. Zinayambira nthawi ya atsamunda ndipo zakhalabe gawo lofunika kwambiri la chikhalidwe cha pachilumbachi.
Q: Kodi Santeria ku Cuba adachokera kuti?
Yankho: Santeria inayamba pa nthawi ya malonda a akapolo a mu Africa pachilumbachi. Akapolo obwera kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana a ku Africa anatenga zikhulupiriro ndi zipembedzo zawo. M'kupita kwa nthawi, izi miyambo ya ku Africa idaphatikizidwa ndi chikhulupiriro cha Katolika chokhazikitsidwa ndi atsamunda aku Spain, zomwe zidayambitsa Santeria.
Q: Kodi Zinthu ziti zazikulu za Santeria ku Cuba?
Yankho: Santeria ku Cuba ndi yozikidwa pa chikhulupiriro mu Orishas, milungu yochokera ku gulu lachiYoruba. Milungu imeneyi imalambiridwa ndipo makhalidwe ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zimaperekedwa kwa iyo. Kuphatikiza apo, miyambo, nsembe ndi zopereka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa mgwirizano ndi Orishas ndi kufuna chitetezo chawo, chitsogozo ndi chithandizo.
Q: Kodi Santeria yasintha bwanji ku Cuba pazaka zambiri?
A: Kwa zaka zambiri, Santeria ku Cuba yasintha ndikusintha ku zochitika zosiyanasiyana za mbiri yakale komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu. Munthawi ya atsamunda, asing'anga ankabisa zikhulupiriro ndi miyambo yawo, kuwasakaniza ndi miyambo ya Chikatolika.
Q: Kodi Santeria imachitika bwanji ku Cuba masiku ano?
A: Mchitidwe wa Santeria ku Cuba umakhudza miyambo ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo kuvina, nyimbo, nsembe, ndi nsembe za nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, akachisi kapena nyumba za Santeria ndi malo omwe kukambirana, zikondwerero zimachitika, komanso kulumikizana ndi Orishas kumasungidwa.
Q: Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa Santeria ku Cuba ndi zipembedzo ndi zikhulupiriro zina?
Yankho: Santeria ku Cuba akhazikitsa ubale wogwirizana ndi chipembedzo cha Katolika. Izi zikuwonetseredwa mu kuphatikizidwa kwa oyera mtima achikatolika mu gulu lachikunja la Orishas, komanso kutengera miyambo ina ndi zizindikiro za Chikatolika m'machitidwe awo.
Q: Kodi chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha Santeria ku Cuba ndi chiyani?
A: Santeria amatenga gawo lofunikira pa chikhalidwe cha Cuba ndi kudziwika. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala chipembedzo, chimatengedwa ngati cholowa cha chikhalidwe cha dziko. Santeria yakhudzanso ziwonetsero zosiyanasiyana zamaluso, monga nyimbo ndi kuvina, ndipo yathandizira kuteteza miyambo yachiAfro ku Cuba.
Q: Kodi anthu ambiri amawaona bwanji Santeria ku Cuba?
Yankho: Nthawi zambiri, Santeria ndi yovomerezeka ndi kulemekezedwa ku Cuba. Amaonedwa kuti ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya kusiyana kwa zipembedzo ndi zikhalidwe za m’dzikoli. Anthu ambiri aku Cuba amachita Santeria ndipo amawona ngati njira yolumikizirana zauzimu.
Funso: Kodi pali zovuta zochita Santeria masiku ano aku Cuba?
Yankho: Ngakhale Santeria imavomerezedwa kwambiri, zovuta ndi tsankho likadalipobe m'magulu ena amtundu waku Cuba. Anthu ena amasalanabe chipembedzochi ndipo amachiwona ngati zikhulupiriro kapena mchitidwe woyipa. Komabe, Santeria ikupitilizabe kukhala gawo lamoyo komanso lofunikira la moyo wachikhalidwe ndi chipembedzo ku Cuba.
Kulingalira ndi Kumaliza
Pomaliza, Santeria ku Cuba ndi chipembedzo chozikidwa m'mbirindi chikhalidwe cha chilumba cha Caribbean. Kwa zaka zambiri, lakhala magwero a chitonthozo ndi chiyembekezo kwa amene amachichita. Ngakhale Santeria yakumana ndi zovuta zambiri, idakwanitsa kukana ndi kuzolowera kusintha ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana pakapita nthawi.
Santeria ndi chipembedzo chomwe chimaphatikiza miyambo ya Chiyoruba yaku Africa ndi Chikatolika. Kutha kwake kulumikiza zikoka ziwirizi zomwe zikuwoneka zosiyana kwalola Santería kukhala gawo lofunikira la moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ku Cuba.
M’ngodya zonse za chilumbachi, otsatira chipembedzochi amapeza chitonthozo ndi kugwirizana kozama ndi umulungu kupyolera mu miyambo ndi miyambo yake. Kukhulupirira milungu, kupembedza makolo akale, matsenga ndi matsenga ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri za Santeria.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti, monga chipembedzo chilichonse, pali kusiyana pakati pa gulu la Santeria ku Cuba. Katswiri aliyense ali ndi kutanthauzira kwawo komanso ubale wake ndi miyambo ndi orishas.
Santeria ku Cuba ndi chitsanzo chamoyo cha kusiyana kwa zipembedzo ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chili m'dziko lino. Ndi chikumbutso cha kulemera ndi kulolerana kwa zikhulupiriro ndi miyambo yomwe imakhalira limodzi.
Ngakhale kuti palibe chidziwitso ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi chipembedzochi, ndikofunikira kuchiyandikira mwaulemu ndi momasuka. Kusiyana kwa zipembedzo ku Cuba kumapangitsa kuti anthu azidziwika komanso kumathandizira kuti pakhale chikhalidwe chodabwitsa.
Mwachidule, Santeria ku Cuba ndi yoposa chipembedzo, ndi njira ya moyo yozikika m'mbiri, komanso m'zikhulupiliro za anthu ake. Kupyolera mu miyambo yake, milungu yake, ndi matsenga ake, Santeria imapereka njira yopita kwa umulungu ndi kulumikizana kwakukulu ndi zauzimu. Ndi chikhalidwe chamtengo wapatali chomwe chiyenera kuyamikiridwa ndi kulemekezedwa.